The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Function and Brain Plasticity in Adolescents

Dr. Nazia Begam, Professor, King University, UAE

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical developmental period characterized by significant brain maturation and heightened neuroplasticity. However, this phase often coincides with widespread chronic sleep deprivation, raising concerns about its impact on cognitive function and long-term brain development. This abstract explores the multifaceted effects of inadequate sleep on adolescent cognition, including attention, memory, decision-making, and emotional regulation. We highlight how sleep is crucial for processes like synaptic pruning, myelination, and memory consolidation, all of which contribute to the remarkable plasticity of the adolescent brain.

Research indicates that even partial sleep deprivation can lead to impaired executive functions, reduced academic performance, and increased risk-taking behaviors in adolescents. Furthermore, chronic sleep restriction can alter neural circuits, particularly those involving the prefrontal cortex and limbic system, potentially affecting emotional stability and impulse control. The abstract will synthesize current findings from neuroimaging studies (e.g., fMRI, EEG) and behavioral assessments to elucidate the mechanisms by which sleep deprivation compromises optimal brain function and development. Understanding these impacts is essential for developing effective interventions and promoting healthy sleep habits to safeguard adolescent cognitive well-being and foster adaptive brain plasticity.